Radar Clutter Modeling and Analysis

Summary

Radars operating in a maritime environment have a serious limitation imposed on their performance by unwanted sea echoes. For many years, in radars with low resolution capabilities, these clutter echoes were considered as a Gaussian distributed disturbance. In modern radar systems, operating at low grazing angles and with high resolution capabilities, the statistics of the sea clutter have been observed to deviate from the normality. The disturbance is spikier than the Gaussian one and the spikes are processed by the radar detector as targets, with increasing false alarm rate.

Therefore, a problem of fundamental interest in the radar community is the modeling of the non-Gaussian clutter to design optimum and sub-optimum detectors. For the effective application of the theoretical models a detailed statistical analysis of the live recorded data is necessary to test their fitting with these models and to highlight the main characteristics and properties of amplitude, phase and correlation of ground and sea clutter in different radar parameters and environmental conditions.

Research topics:

  • Development of non-Gaussian and non-stationary clutter models
  • Statistical analysis of sea clutter data (moments, histograms, tests of fit, etc.)
  • Statistical analysis of ground clutter data (moments, histograms, tests of fit, etc.)
  • Guassianity tests based on Higher Order Statistics (HOS)
  • Publications

    1. A.Farina, F. Gini, M.V. Greco, L. Verrazzani, "High Resolution Sea Clutter Data: A Statistical Analysis of Recorded Live Data" IEE Proceedings Part. F (Radar, Sonar & Navigation), (to appear, 1997).
    2. B.Billingsley, A.Farina, F.Gini, M.V. Greco, P.Lombardo, "Impact of experimentally measured Doppler spectrum of ground clutter cancellation on MTI and STAP", Proceedings of the 1997 International Radar Conference , Edinburgh, October 1997.
    3. A. Farina, F. Gini, M.V. Greco and P. Lee, "Improvement Factor for Real Sea-Clutter Doppler Frequency Spectra," IEE Proceedings Part. F (Radar, Sonar & Navigation), vol.143, No 5, pp.341-344, October 1996.
    4. A. Farina, F. Gini, M.V. Greco, L. Verrazzani, "Analysis of Sea Clutter Radar Data," Proceedings of the 1996 CIE International Conference of Radar, Beijing, China, October 1996.
    5. A. Farina, F. Gini, M.V. Greco, F. Lombardini, P. Lombardo, K.J. Sangston, L. Verrazzani, "Radar Detection of Targets: New Theoretical Findings and Results by Processing Recorded Live Data," (invited paper), Proceedings of the 1996 CIE International Conference of Radar, Beijing, China, October 1996.
    6. G. Corsini, A. Mossa, L. Verrazzani, "Signal-to-noise ratio and autocorrelation function of the image intensity in coherent systems: sub-Rayleigh and super-Rayleigh conditions", IEEE Trans. on Image Processing, Vol. 5, n. 1, Jan. 1996.

    Contact persons

    Ing. Fulvio GINI

    Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione
    Universita` di Pisa
    via Diotisalvi 2 -- 56126 PISA
    Tel. +39-50-568550 Fax +39-50-568522
    email: gini@iet.unipi.it

    Prof. Lucio VERRAZZANI

    Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione
    Universita` di Pisa
    via Diotisalvi 2 -- 56126 PISA
    Tel. +39-50-568545 Fax +39-50-568522
    email: lucio@iet.unipi.it